Radiation Side Effects

If a patient requires radiation therapy, she will be referred to a radiation oncologist. The radiation oncologist will explain the possible side effects of breast cancer radiation therapy, including uncommon side effects that may involve damage to the heart, lungs, and ribs.

One of the common side effects of breast cancer radiation treatment is fatigue, especially towards the end of treatment and for a period of time afterward. Resting is important, although providers usually advise their patients to be reasonably active, matching their activities to their energy level.

It is also common for the skin in the treated area to become red, dry, tender, and itchy. Toward the end of treatment, the skin may become moist and "weepy." Exposing this area to air as much as possible will help the skin heal. Because bras and some types of clothing may rub the skin and cause irritation, patients may want to wear loose-fitting cotton clothes. Good skin care is crucial at this time, and patients should check with their provider before using any deodorants, lotions, or creams on the treated area.

For most women, their breast will look and feel about the same after radiation therapy. Occasionally, the treated breast may be firmer. Also, after radiation the breast may be larger due to fluid buildup or smaller because of tissue changes. For some women, the breast skin is more sensitive after radiation treatment; for others, sensitivity decreases. In some cases, the color of the radiated skin may change slightly and remain that way permanently.

In general, the effects of radiation therapy on the skin are temporary, and the area gradually heals once the treatment has been completed.